Biomaterials represent a principal component of tissue engineering along with tissue forming cells and growth factors. Biomaterials alone or in combination with cells and/or signaling molecules are being proposed in many tissue repair/regeneration strategies. However, it is challenging to develop biomaterials/grafts that are mechanically compatible and biologically similar to regenerating tissue. In this direction, TEST Lab has made advances by developing composite biomaterials with hydroxyapatite, functionalized carbon nanotubes, and biodegradable metals, such as magnesium and its alloys. Recently, TEST Lab has also demonstrated the use of autologous tissue as a potential source of biomaterials. Some of the current efforts in this area include the development of amorphous silica biomaterials and biomaterials design to program cells.